IL RUOLO DELLE SCELTE LOCALIZZATIVE NELLA PROMOZIONE DELLA SALUTE: UNO STRUMENTO DI VALUTAZIONE MULTICRITERIALE IN AMBIENTE GIS

IL RUOLO DELLE SCELTE LOCALIZZATIVE NELLA PROMOZIONE DELLA SALUTE: UNO STRUMENTO DI VALUTAZIONE MULTICRITERIALE IN AMBIENTE GI

Enhancing the Cultural Heritage through Adaptive Reuse. A Multicriteria Approach to Evaluate the Castello Visconteo in Cusago (Italy)

Cultural heritage can play a strategic role in developing a sustainable built environment, contributing to the improvement of the economic, social, and environmental productivity of a city. Human activities are constantly affecting the quality of the environment and altering the ecosystems, which produce negative consequences also on human wellbeing. Within this context, it has been much discussed how cities and the built environment can counteract this process by supporting more sustainable development. Adaptive reuse is defined as “a process that changes a disused or ineffective item into a new item that can be used for a different purpose”, which strongly triggers the sustainable development of cities. It can be recognized as a promoter of economic growth, social wellbeing, and environmental preservation, given its capability of both preserving past values and creating new ones. The adaptive reuse matches the main points of the circular economy, seen as the sustainable economy, which is aimed at the reduction of natural resource extraction and environmental impact by extending the useful life of materials and promoting recovery, reuse, and regeneration processes. Given these premises, the current contribution aimed to evaluate alternative scenarios for reuse in Castello Visconteo in Cusago, located in the Lombardy region (Italy), and understanding how adaptive reuse could contribute to generating new values within a circular economy perspective. In detail, four alternative scenarios were proposed to face the new needs born during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Since both intangible and tangible values must be considered, a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) has been applied by combining economic and qualitative indicators to define the most suitable function for its adaptive reuse. In detail, the Novel Approach to Imprecise Assessment and Decision Environments (NAIADE) was used to identify the best alternative solution based on the opinions of conflicting stakeholders. The innovativeness of the contribution is given by the combination of different methodologies, the preservation of the memory and the generation of new values, and the consideration of adaptive reuse as a strategy for the achievement of sustainable development within a circular economy perspective

Addressing decisions about new hospitals’ siting: a multidimensional evaluation approach

Background. Site selection for urban facilities is a crucial topic in planning decision processes for the several side effects they produce and the multiple criteria involved, especially for healthcare facilities. Nevertheless, the location problem has been ignored by most of the existing evaluation systems. Methods. Starting from a deep literature review and the analysis of hospitals in 10 European cities, the paper proposes an evaluation system divided into four macro-areas (Functional quality, Location quality, Environmental quality, Economical aspects), each in turn composed by criteria and sub-criteria. Results. The evaluation system has been applied for the site selection of “La Città della alute” in Milan, Italy. Furthermore, the ShOS (Selection hospitals’ Site) Evaluation Tool has been defined, with the aim of assessing the land suitability for new healthcare structures. Conclusion. The ShOS evaluation tool improves the transparency and robustness of the decision-making process and it could be broadly applied

VALUTARE I BENEFICI DEI SERVIZI ECOSISTEMICI URBANI: UNA PROPOSTA METOLOGICA

The notions of Ecosystem Services (ES) and Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) reveal the strategic importance of natural capital in the requalification and transitioning of cities. More in detail, ES have been analyzed and categorized by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment in 2005. On the other hand, the implementation of NBSs is suggested by the most important international frameworks. This interest becomes relevant to respond to the multifaceted pressures that cities and societies have to face, highlighting the crucial importance of public places. Therefore, green policies could provide a solution to the current concerns about both the built and natural environments. Using an ES approach and implementing NBS can provide different types of interventions in cities, ranging from extended green areas to green roofs, that should contribute to the improvements of residents quality of life and general wellness. The main task of this contribution is assessing green roofs from an ecosystem viewpoint, considering the evidence of their advantages for human welfare, their capacity to mitigate climate change, and their potential to protect biodiversity. For this purpose, an integrated evaluation model is suggested to enable decision makers (DMs) to design measures that might improve the quality of life in cities and to consider the many aspects of value in the study of ecosystem services (ES)

The Enhancement of Special-Use Real Estate Properties: The Case of Hospital Facilities

In the Italian context, public investments for the redevelopment and securing of the National Health Service’s real estate assets are a crucial topic in the context of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) within the Next Generation Italian strategy. The paper proposes the evaluation of alternative scenarios for accessing financing under the NRRP with respect to the criterion of the technically efficient solution, i.e., the solution that minimizes investment costs while respecting time obligations. The methodology proposed refers to the Cost approach with specific reference to the Depreciated Replacement Cost Method (DRC) in order to estimate the market value in different scenarios. The approach is applied to a case study located in the Piedmont Region, where alternatives are compared with respect to both budget constraints and the timeframe for accessing financing. Given the growing concern for urban regeneration and “public city” rearrangement as an answer to the ongoing global changes, making investments in special-use real estate properties has become a central and challenging issue both in the public and private decision domains

Humanisation and soft qualities in emergency rooms

Scenario. Currently, there are few evaluation methods that analyse social aspects in healthcare issues, especially humanisation and well-being, as perceived by users in emergency departments which are places in which patients’ psycho-physical well-being is decisive. For this reason, research was conducted to create a tool to improve the quality of these areas. Methodology. In order to conduct the research, the work was structured in three phases: the first, based on the analysis of State-of-the-Art and the current studies on the interactions established between the physical and emotional conditions of the structure and the users; the second, through the definition of a questionnaire which explores humanisation and comfort aspects; the third, through the application of the instrument. Results. The paper presents and analyses data collected from the application on a case study in Milan, analysing the responses and proposing design suggestions for increasing the quality of emergency environments. Conclusions. In anticipation of future works, the application of such a tool can provide the opportunity to improve and enhance quality and staff efficiency in emergency department spaces

Il progetto rigenerativo per edifici evolutivi ibridi. Resilienza attiva Convertibilità Valorizzazione

This paper deals with the enhancement of the project for the intervention on existing disused buildings with three sequential objectives: converting tertiary buildings to the hybrid housing function; regenerating buildings, providing them with continuous transformative capacity and making them functionally convertible; providing a housing model of temporary uage duration, according to the principle of House as a Service. Considering the temporal variable, the proposal defines criteria that guide the reconversion of buildings in relation to the dynamic needs of the different categories of users and stakeholders who are involved in the decision-making process and, through the hedonic price method, investigates the influence that the qualities attributed to the performance of the building have on the formation of their value, highlighting the perception of value and the acceptance of green performances

A stakeholder-based approach managing conflictual values in urban design processes. The case of an open prison in Barcelona

An urban intervention has to deal with a pre-existing context. It follows that the design phase must be preceded by a careful and in-depth preliminary analysis addressing historical, morphological, topographical, and geographical reasons. Besides, subjective requests prove to be decisive in the design process in the face of the heterogeneity and multiplicity of possible responses from the actors involved. The contribution aims to support Decision-Makers in the preliminary stages of the project, to provide a global vision of the multidimensionality of the urban context and the feedback of the different subjects that come into play. The main objective is to create an evaluation framework capable of supporting the decision-making process in urban transformation problems starting from the needs of the stakeholders. The approach integrates the analysis of the stakeholders with the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) to compose an impact matrix based on the Community Impact Evaluation (CIE). The methodology has been tested to develop an open prison in the city of Barcelona (Spain). The framework made it possible to obtain an overall vision of the area’s transformation process, consistent with the project’s objectives, intending to support strategies definition valid from multiple points of view

Architectures for health: between historical contexts and suburban areas. Tool to support location strategies

<p>The rapid obsolescence of healthcare facilities and the lack of suitable areas to host these services in urban contexts, are forcing their locations outside cities and historical centres. The complexity and variety of crucial aspects, involved in the smooth functioning of healthcare facilities, require, in the longterm, planning decisions supported by appropriate evaluation tools. Starting from the investigation of hospital location trends in Europe and Italy, the analysis of European case studies and a deep systematic review of the literature, the paper aims to define a set of criteria focused on the design of location strategies for new healthcare facilities.</p

Adaptive Reuse of Social and Healthcare Structures: The Case Study as a Research Strategy

The regeneration and reuse of abandoned healthcare facilities represent one of the most complex issues in the broader field of disused public architectural heritage and its valorization. The leading causes of an elevated quantity of abandoned hospitals are the lack of resilience of these structures, as well as the evolution of the regulatory framework used to increase the quality standards of the National Health System and the constant changes caused by medical discoveries. In addition, the transfer to a new building typically does not involve consideration of the future of the dismissed facility with a lack of a strategic view for its regeneration, thus causing its progressive degradation. Although their large dimensions and unbuilt areas make recovery plans complex, the re-functionalization of these facilities represents an excellent opportunity for social and economic development, as several case studies demonstrate. This paper selects some useful examples of the reconversion and reuse of disused social and healthcare buildings through an accurate comparison that highlights the importance of the topic and the possible actions to be taken into consideration. Although this research focuses on a limited number of case studies, the paper gives rise to some strategies that can be applied to several current cases of disused buildings that could be used to support Decision Makers (DMs) from different countrie